Russia, officially known as the Russian Federation, is a vast country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. With a rich history and diverse culture, Russia holds a significant place on the global stage. As the largest country in the world by land area, it encompasses a wide range of landscapes, from dense forests to expansive tundra. Moscow is the capital city and cultural hub, while Saint Petersburg is renowned for its artistic heritage and architecture. With a complex history, including periods of imperial rule, Soviet communism, and its present status as a federal semi-presidential republic, Russia continues to shape global politics, economics, and culture.